This is (will be) my Emacs literate configuration file. A self
contained file with all my configuration is useful for documentation
purposes. It will be modeled using the technique described by
Protesilaos for his own Emacs config file:
<https://protesilaos.com/emacs/dotemacs>.

This method consists in generating all files /a priori/, after modifying
this file, and *not* at load time, as that would be too slow.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle no :results none
(org-babel-tangle)
#+end_src

* Directory and file structure

- =early-init.el=: quoting the [[https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Early-Init-File.html][Emacs documentation]], this file is "loaded
  before the package system and GUI is initialized, so in it you can
  customize variables that affect the package initialization process"
- =init.el=: the skeleton of my configuration framework. It will load
  the rest of the modules.
- =rul-emacs-modules/=: a directory with Emacs modules specific to my
  configuration. Modules group code related to a topic or theme of
  configuration. For example, =rul-prog.el= contains code related to
  programming, and =rul-org.el= contains code related to org-mode. If a
  module gets too big, I can create a smaller module under the same
  topic; for example, =rul-org-agenda.el=.
- =rul-post-init.el=: this file will be loaded after =init.el=, and will
  normally live in other git repository. Here I normally add overrides
  needed in my work computer.
- =rul-emacs.org=: this file. It (will) generate the rest of the structure.

* The early init
** Graphical aspects
Customization of graphical aspects of Emacs, such as size, panels, etc.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle "early-init.el"
;; I don't use any of these
(menu-bar-mode -1)
(tool-bar-mode -1)
(scroll-bar-mode -1)

;; Avoid initial flash of light.
;; Inspired on prot-emacs-avoid-initial-flash-of-light.
(setq mode-line-format nil)
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :background "#000000" :foreground "#ffffff")
(set-face-attribute 'mode-line nil :background "#000000" :foreground "#ffffff" :box 'unspecified)
#+end_src

** Frame configuration
I like to keep a few frames open all the time. A main frame, where I
open my org files, code, etc. A frame for communication and reading,
such as email and feeds, and a frame for terminals.

Currently, the frames are all the same, but I will add configuration
to distinguish them so I can automate their placement in my desktop
environment.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle "early-init.el"
;; Do not resize when font size changes
(setq frame-resize-pixelwise t)

;; By default, start maximized
(add-to-list 'default-frame-alist '(fullscreen . maximized))

;; No need for titlebar
(modify-frame-parameters nil '((undecorated . t)))

;; Name frames to ease switching between them
(add-hook 'after-init-hook (lambda () (set-frame-name "main")))
#+end_src

** Miscellany
#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle "early-init.el"
;; Initialise installed packages, otherwise, basic functions are not
;; available during the initialization stage.
(setq package-enable-at-startup t)

;; Do not report warnings. It's too noisy.
(setq native-comp-async-report-warnings-errors 'silent)

;; Keep things minimal
(setq inhibit-startup-screen t)
(setq inhibit-startup-echo-area-message user-login-name)
#+end_src

* The init.el file
** Package matters

I use package from both stable and bleeding-edge Melpa.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle "init.el"
(add-to-list 'package-archives
             '("melpa-stable" . "https://stable.melpa.org/packages/") t)

(add-to-list 'package-archives
             '("melpa" . "https://melpa.org/packages/") t)
#+end_src
** Backups
Emacs tends to clutter the filesystem with backup files. A backup file is normally the filename with a =~= suffix. I rather have my filesystem clean, and centralize all backups in a single directory.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle "init.el"
(if (file-directory-p "~/.backup")
    (setq backup-directory-alist '(("." . "~/.backup")))
  (message "Directory does not exist: ~/.backup"))

(setq
 backup-by-copying t    ; Don't delink hardlinks
 delete-old-versions t  ; Clean up the backups
 kept-new-versions 3    ; keep some new versions
 kept-old-versions 2   ; and some old ones, too
 version-control t)      ; Use version numbers on backups
#+end_src
** Customizations
Customizations don't place nicely with version control, so I do them in a random file that won't get persisted.

Configurations that need persisting will be added to =custom-set-variables= and =custom-set-faces=.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle "init.el"
;; Do not persist customizations
(setq custom-file (make-temp-file "emacs-custom-"))
#+end_src
** Global keybindings
This section defines keybindings common across all modes.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle "init.el"
;; Global keybindings
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c R") 'revert-buffer)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c w") 'whitespace-cleanup)

(defun help/insert-em-dash ()
  "Inserts an EM-DASH (not a HYPEN, not an N-DASH)"
  (interactive)
  (insert "—"))

(global-set-key (kbd "C--") #'help/insert-em-dash)
#+end_src
** Editor interface
General configurations related to text editing across all modes.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle "init.el"
(setq fill-column 79) ; Wrap lines
(setq mouse-yank-at-point t) ; Do not follow mouse curors when mouse-yanking

(setq-default indent-tabs-mode nil) ; No tabs when indenting
(setq-default tab-width 4) ; How many spaces a tab represents

(setq initial-scratch-message "")

(defalias 'yes-or-no-p 'y-or-n-p)

;; Only flash the mode line
(setq ring-bell-function
      (lambda ()
        (let ((orig-fg (face-foreground 'mode-line)))
          (set-face-foreground 'mode-line "#F2804F")
          (run-with-idle-timer 0.1 nil
                               (lambda (fg) (set-face-foreground 'mode-line fg))
                               orig-fg))))

;; Highlight parens
(setq show-paren-delay 0)
(show-paren-mode 1)

(savehist-mode 1) ; Save histories, including minibuffer

(save-place-mode 1) ; Remember and restore cursor information

(setq auto-save-no-message t) ; Do not print a message when auto-saving

(pixel-scroll-precision-mode 1) ; Precision scrolling
#+end_src
** Emacs server
I used to run Emacs as a systemd daemon, but it was not too deterministic as sometimes it would break.

  https://rbenencia.name/blog/emacs-daemon-as-a-systemd-service/

Now, I simply start it from Emacs itself. This approach works well for me.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle "init.el"
;; Server
(require 'server)
(setq server-client-instructions nil) ; Keep it quiet when opening an ec

(unless (server-running-p)
  (server-start))
#+end_src
** Modules machinery
#+begin_src emacs-lisp :tangle "init.el"
(dolist (path '("~/.emacs.d/rul-lisp/config" "~/.emacs.d/rul-lisp/packages"))
  (add-to-list 'load-path path))

(require 'rul-completion)
(require 'rul-fm)
(require 'rul-prog)
(require 'rul-elfeed)
(require 'rul-modeline)
(require 'rul-media)
(require 'rul-org)
(require 'rul-wm)
(require 'rul-write)

;; Init parts (will be deprecated in favor of packages)
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/flycheck.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/flyspell.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/fonts.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/go-lang.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/hydra.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/ibuffer.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/imenu.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/latex.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/logos.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/magit.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/mail-mode.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/markdown.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/notmuch.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/vterm.el")
(load-file "~/.emacs.d/rul-init.d/which-key.el")

(when-let* ((file (locate-user-emacs-file "rul-post-init.el"))
            ((file-exists-p file)))
  (load-file file))

;; init.el ends here
#+end_src